Fei Fei Li’s AI Journey Response

AI, as in Artificial intelligence, a powerful and knowledgeable tool, when you give an artificial intelligence a command, it will give you an answer in a few seconds that would take you a lot of time to obtain. This may seem a little bit scary, the fact that AI will replace human being in many jobs have been overly spread between people.

In the video, Fei Fei Li talked a lot of information and what she think about Artificial intelligence, I highly agree with her point on the statement, AI would not replace human being, she strongly advocates for AI that complements and augments human capabilities rather than replaces them. AI is a great inventory or an discovery, it will make life easier for human being, but for now it should serve what men thinks and that human values must guide its development.

She thinks that AI should not be an competitor to humans, and people must not fear the rise of the AI. People should be seeing it as a useful tool, and erase the concerns about losing our jobs. She argues that AI’s development should be inclusive and diverse, with diverse stakeholders involved in shaping its future.

Me myself tired many times using the AI, for example like ChatGPT, I was really amaze by the capability it can do, and I think with an AI, I can do much more things faster and more accurate, but in top of that, I was the one that is giving it idea and concepts, more like a boss to an employee. AI served me good, and I also think artificial intelligence will make people life more easier instead of replacing human’s life. We add meaning to a tool, not let the tool lead us.

What I will consider Gestalt principles and Fitt’s Law in my future ixd design

First, about Gestalt principles using in my future ixd design.

1.Similarity. This is most about unity in one design. All the typeface/color/logo/overall brand idea/concept/etc have to be in one style. Which means the brand book is very important to made.

2.Good Figure. Make a obvious different between background and content. Thus, users would’t be disturb when they are reading the content.

3.Proximity.I will place all the similar function/bottom/information/icon/ect near each other. Thus, users can find the category they want more quickly and accurately.

4.Continuity.If I’m developing an app, I will first consider the concept map, causal map, and stock flow before starting the actual build. These maps help create a smoother user experience and provide a clear vision of how the app should function.

5.Closure. The end and start should be super easy recognizable for users. Thus , the page for part for end and start have to include clear symbols.

6.Common Region. Think about what element are in one same group. Then make them moving or toward in one direction.

Second, about Fitt’s Law using in my future ixd design. I’d also make sure that interactive elements follow Fitts’ Law to improve usability:

Long in short, the theory of Fitt’s Law is the farther away a target is and the smaller it is, the longer it takes to reach. In opposite, the closer and larger a target is, the easier it is to interact with. Base on this, I will design the bottom, icon, image and etc that are expect to click mostly have to be as big as esay to achieve and click on accurately by mouse or finger.

Gestalt Principles and Fitts’s Law

shuoning Liang 2024/9/24

Gestalt principles have

Proximity：
Arrange related interface elements (such as buttons, text boxes, and icons) closely so that users can more easily understand their relationship.

Similarity
Use the same color, shape, or font to unify the design of controls with similar functions to enhance the consistency of the interface.

Connectedness
Group related information or operation options together through visual connections (such as lines, borders, etc.) to help users quickly understand the hierarchy of information.

Closure
By adding clear boundaries to elements, let the user’s brain automatically complete unclosed shapes.

Continuity
The arrangement of design interface elements should be regular and consistent.

And Fitts’s law has

Target size
Fitts’s law shows that the larger the target, the faster users will click it. When designing, make sure that the buttons or clickable areas are large enough, especially key function buttons (such as submit, save, etc.) to reduce user misoperation.

Target Distance
Reduce the distance between key operating elements to prevent users from moving too much on the screen.

Edges and Corners
According to Fitts’s Law, the edges and corners of the screen are more clickable areas due to physical limitations. Common functions can be placed in these locations to improve interaction efficiency.

Design strategies that combine the two
Logical grouping and quick operations
Group related functions through the proximity and similarity of the Gestalt, and optimize the distance based on Fitts’s Law. For example, arrange the editing options in the toolbar (such as cut, copy, and paste) closely, and the buttons are large, which is convenient for users to operate quickly.

So, what I will do?
1.Use the similarity of the Gestalt to design consistent interactive buttons, while ensuring that the size and position of the buttons comply with Fitts’s Law, so that users have consistent perception of operations on different pages, and do not need to spend extra time looking for or clicking.

By combining the Gestalt principles with Fitts’s Law, you can create an intuitive, responsive, and visually clear interactive interface, greatly improving the user experience and satisfaction.

Gestalt principles and Fitt’s Law


Gestalt Principles are principles/laws of human perception that describe how humans group similar elements, recognize patterns and simplify complex images when we perceive objects. Designers use the principles to organize content on websites and other interfaces so it is aesthetically pleasing and easy to understand.

Gestalt Principles has the following basic rules: Common Fate,Symmetry and Order, Similarity, Pragnanz, Invariance, Figure/Ground, Multistability, Continuity or Continuation, Common Region, Closure, Emergence.

Fitts’ Law states that the amount of time required for a person to move a pointer (e.g., mouse cursor) to a target area is a function of the distance to the target divided by the size of the target. Thus, the longer the distance and the smaller the target’s size, the longer it takes.

Based on Fitts‘ Law, some standard interface elements such as the right-click pop-up menu or short drop-down menus have had resounding success, minimizing the user’s travel distance with a mouse in selecting an option—reducing time and increasing productivity. Conversely, long drop-downs, title menus, etc., impede users’ actions, raising movement-time demands.

Gestalt Principles & Fitts’s Law In Action

Powerful designs are often designed with intention. Intentional designers create purposeful designs by following rules, including but not limited to Gestalt principles and Fitts’s laws. Whether deliberately or subconsciously, these rules define the way we interpret and process information, because they exist everywhere: From the signs we see, to the interfaces on our screens, to the logos on billboards. These principles make up our daily living, yet many live in a Gestalt and Fitts constructed society obliviously.

In digital interfaces, Gestalt’s law of proximity, similarity, and continuity specifically coincide nicely when considering readability. For example, a dropdown menu. The uniformity in menu selection options are grouped in a similar orientation to indicate that they are components of the same category. Different dropdown menus are differentiated through proximity. Spacing acts as a barrier to separate and indicate that the two menus do not coexist together, but exist on its own. When considering a website, the dropdown selections directly influences the output display of the webpage. Continuity and common fate guides the users in how their eye processes the screen, whether it be to read vertically, horizontally, follow arrows, view images first, or view text first. Fitts’s laws enhances that experience by predetermining the ideal amount of button padding, and the target touch points of digital screens needed for a fluid user experience.

Acknowledging why these systems exist and came to be are important in creating mindful and effective designs. I plan to refer and reflect on how I design by further applying these principles when approaching design thinking. The more aware a designer is about their decisions, the better their designs are. These pre-constructed laws are the foundational components that help create meaningful digital experiences.

Response – Fei Fei Li’s AI Journey

Fei-Fei Li’s AI journey is more fundamentally about the discomfort and contradiction between humans and the surge in productivity. It cannot be denied that regardless of the type of AI, it is inevitable that a large number of humans will use it and generate text/images for machine learning in current technology. No matter what AI model it is, they will always involve the views of the human community on the pieced-together things.

On the Internet in China, people have a name for AI of the type of Wensheng map, which is called “corpse”. This is not a good word, but it can clearly express the mainstream opinion on AI. One reason is that a large part of AI training conducted by commercial companies is still carried out through unauthorized resources. Another reason is people’s fear of AI being able to produce extremely quickly in a short period of time. In China, there are many young people (under 25 years old) who learn painting, and they will spend at least three years practicing a lot of basic skills. Now, AI can easily reach the same height in just a few seconds. Even though there are still shortcomings in text and image-type AI, AI has already solved the problem of “hands” that were once difficult to draw in just one year. It can be foreseen that a large number of non-high-quality drawing assignments will be handed over to AI in the future, including but not limited to some simple novel cover drawing, basic character drawings, preliminary storyboarding, and so on.

Setting aside current AI on the market such as ChatGPT, Stable Difference, etc., and focusing on B2B industrial AI, a simple example is Huawei’s predictive shape AI for metal processing in China. In the past, the melting and forging of mineral materials were extremely unstable because iron blocks and coal would undergo various complex chemical reactions during combustion. At this time, it was necessary to rely on artificial intelligence to increase or decrease different mineral materials to complete the extraction of ore. Now, relying on industrial AI, factories can automatically increase or decrease mineral materials. Different mineral materials and furnaces require different conditions for mineral material to increase or decrease. With the help of AI, factories can rapidly reduce the loss of mineral materials and fuel.

It can be clearly observed that the main areas that cause people to develop aversion are those that are easily accessible to ordinary people, while in more complex and professional fields, people hope to use AI to quickly increase efficiency and save costs.

In my opinion, interaction design always revolves around the design of people and machines or people and machines. The design concept of user-centered design will be implemented throughout my entire design career. My design needs to revolve around how to help users understand and use it from start to finish. The commercial use of generative AI still cannot be accepted by a large number of users in a short period of time, and the current AI-related laws are still in a gray area. In the practice and interaction direction of IXD, text-based AI can quickly draw storyboards, while text-based AI can quickly help me solve a large number of problems related to coding and other different fields. These problems are usually relatively simple, and in the past it was difficult for people to find suitable answers. Generally speaking, people tend to ask people around them, but now they only need to ask AI to quickly get debugging. This is a very efficient solution. In some past projects, I usually asked AI about the availability of a certain interaction condition, asking it to provide me with some solutions. Then, I would evaluate these solutions, search for solutions through different channels, and finally verify them from multiple sources to help me advance the IXD project.

I think AI is more like an assistant than a designer. In Li’s lecture, he emphasized the importance of empathy in technology. She discussed how to develop artificial intelligence with a focus on human values, emphasizing the need for technology to enhance our understanding and connection with the world around us. When I reflect on my practice in Interaction Design (IXD), this viewpoint resonates with me.

Fitt’s law & Gestalt Principles 

I wasn’t realize how psychology can play an important role in interaction design until reading about Gestalt Principles and Fitt’s Law. I didn’t really think of why most of the interactive interfaces are following similar principles, all the studies and experiences have given the best way to build a great user experience.

When doing something needs to guide users silently, Gestalt Principles can be great references. Users may follow the way that designers want them to go, for example some path to important location in video games. And maybe not only visually, also texts can provide similar effects. According to Gestalt Principles, people’s imagination can be powerful and do a lot work, so unconspicuous elements that don’t disturb main design in the interface can be considered.

Fiit’s Law can help me to decide the layout of interfaces and where the most important buttons or icons should be. They should locate at the easiest place on a screen that users can access, and for sure this will depend on different devices, an Ipad and a kiosk will be layouted differently. Users may not have accurate feelings about distance in screens, so sometimes Fitt’s Law may also help to indicate users softly.

Both Fitt’s Law and Gestalt Principles are great and if I can use them well in my design works, I believed that better user experiences will be made.

Some thought for Fitt’s Law & Gestalt Principles

Establishing a clear hierarchical structure is crucial in interaction design. By classifying each module and function based on the Gestalt principle (especially the proximity principle), I can arrange related functions coherently within the module. By utilizing the principles of similarity and closure, I can quickly create preliminary wireframes, while the graphic background principle enhances my model by ensuring that important elements stand out.


Combining these principles can help optimize the layout of the interface, making it more reasonable and intuitive. This design strategy enables users to quickly grasp the software’s layout, improving their ability to effectively achieve their goals.


From the perspective of Fitt’s law, I can further optimize the user experience by adjusting button size, spacing, and edge targets. Combining clear feedback of hovering state and independent elements enhances the touch experience and makes users more comfortable.


Ultimately, this integration approach conforms to the user centered design principle, resulting in a smoother and more enjoyable software user experience.

Some thought for Fitt’s Law & Gestalt Principles

KY – 2024 9 24

I think Fitt’s Law covers a small part of UX, which is thinking about the user’s experience. How to increase user comfort by minimizing the distance and time between the starting point of the interaction and the goal of the interaction.


Gestalt principles, on the other hand, are more visual, focusing on design principles that tell the story of how people are guided step-by-step through different ways of structuring color to the visual point of view.

Response – Fei Fei Li’s AI Journey

KY – 2024 9 23

The birth of AI began in 1956 when four people sat down together and started brainstorming, and together they went to work on how to get computers to think and make decisions like people. It was only in 1990 that AI took off, and the AI language, which is the use of statistics and machine learning, began to break into different fields. It was also around 2000 that Internet slowly came into the public’s view creating more data that could be learned by AI.

Fei was involved in a project in 2009 where a human labeled 15 million images as a powerful database for open-source sharing (sigh, there are still a lot of good people out there). The latter is also a little bit about how it has completely changed the way people think about AI and data, even though it seems to us the norm for AI to learn to learn data autonomously and do

analysis.

She talks about how AI is being used in a variety of fields, not just by individuals, but also by communities and societies that are slowly integrating it into their lives. But AI was born from a “clean math world” straight into a “messy human world”. This is one of the most interesting points for me, now AI is in a hype cycle, AI was born as a tool to help people, but people’s comments come from all over the world, but also with a great willingness to you do not know who is using AI, it is essentially the user’s problem.

In the video you can also see a lot of Fei in the discussion of some of the medical related cases she has done combined with AI, which is also a very good illustration of the fact that in the very early AI has been a little bit of integration into our daily life, and achieved very good results.

After watching this video, the biggest feeling is not to resist the birth of AI, on the contrary, we need to learn how to use it so that it becomes a tool to help themselves.

The Value of the Gestalt Principles & Fitt’s Law

After reading about the Gestalt Principles, I was not only surprised by how these principles contributed to the user experience, but also by how I had been unconsciously incorporating these laws into my own design work. The fact that I have used these principles without realizing it shows how natural and important they are in design. For example, the Gestalt’s Law of Past Experiences states that past experiences shape our perception of visual elements. Given that, designers can make interfaces feel intuitive and allow for users to navigate the software easier. An example would be our understanding of colors and how they are used in real life vs. on apps/websites (like red and green). The Law of Similarity also affects how users perceive design elements, as they should also look similar or dissimilar depending on the intended purpose. For instance, the confirm and cancel button should not be next to each other (they could be though; however, I am unsure if that is considered good or bad design practice given that I have seen both) and should not be filled in with the same color.

As for Fitt’s Law that discusses the relationship between the distance and time of a target in relation to the success of an action, the types of menu designs particularly fascinated me because I recently noticed Pinterest transitioned from their familiar “long-press for pie menu” feature to a rectangular center menu. Being a long-time user, I was unhappy with the change; however, I now understand why it was necessary, as it affects movement and can be unintuitive for first-time users (and probably a bunch of other issues that they found through user testing).

Understanding why these laws exist is crucial for building designs that resonate with users and improve their experience. Now, with a clearer understanding of both Gestalt Principles and Fitt’s Law, I am able apply them more effectively and confidently to my work to create intuitive and user-friendly designs.

Thoughts on Computer History Museum presentation

Fei-Fei Li’s presentation at the Computer History Museum really opened my eyes to the world of artificial intelligence, especially with her work on ImageNet. One major takeaway was how important data is for AI. ImageNet is a huge collection of labeled images that helped train machine learning models, leading to big advances in how computers understand images. This shows that having the right data can make a huge difference in what AI can do.

Her emphasis on making AI ethical and human-centered also caught my attention. FeiFei highlights that although AI is capable of amazing things,, it should be designed with people in mind. It involves more than just automating work; it also involves enhancing lifestyles and meeting societal demands. This message really resonates with me as I think about how I design interactive experiences.

Here are some ways her insights will influence my practice in interaction design:

  1. Value of data: Knowing the importance of data makes it clear to me that inclusive and varied data is needed to power AI systems.
  2. Human-centered Approach:  Fei-Fei Li’s emphasis on empathy serves as a helpful reminder to me to design with users in mind. My goal is to make sure that AI technologies improve user experience instead of making it more difficult.
  3. Long-term Impact: Her call to consider the societal effects of AI reminds me that my design choices have consequences. When I design interactive experiences, I have to consider things like privacy and equity to make sure that everyone benefits from it.

Gestalt’s Principles and Fitt’s Laws in IXD

Gestalt principles and Fitt’s laws are very useful for designers to keep in mind while designing interactive interfaces.

While making a software, I  would consider Gestalt’s Law of Proximity to ensure that I am grouping elements that have similar usage or are used together more often, to make navigation more intuitive, while also maintaining visual balance within the elements (making grouped elements have similar shape, colors, or visual traits). I would also try to use familiar design patterns as it makes it more intuitive for users to interact with the interface. 

For Fitts’s Law, I would focus on optimizing target size—especially for frequently used actions—by making buttons larger and easier to tap or click, thus reducing the time and effort needed to interact with them. Placing targets closer to the user’s hand position/cursor makes it easier for them to reach, so I would consider keeping elements like menu items either at the screen’s edge to avoid overshooting, or somewhere in the middle, depending on whether it is a mouse driven or touchscreen interface. As linear menus are most common, I would use them and place items according to the frequency of their use. Lastly, I’d be mindful of space between targets to prevent accidental clicks on adjacent buttons, particularly in mobile or touch-based interfaces

Thoughts of Fei-Fei Li’s AI Journey

I watched the live directing of the Computer History Museum on YouTube, and I enjoyed this. Dr. Fei-Fei Li discussed what kind of advancements have been made with respect to AI over the years. She went on to describe AI: where it began, how we struggled along the way and now why the world is beginning to depend so heavily upon it. One of the biggest change that big data and machine learning has brought into AI space today is being real power.

One of the concepts that resonated with me was human-centered AI. According to Dr. Li, AI must be created in a manner and with values that would assist the people. Esther, she is also one of the people who think that very seriously whether AI changes individuals, communities and society. This is where it became fully clear for me that we design, we have a responsibility to society to assure tech is good for all.

She also addressed the risks of AI bias and automation of work. Which made me realize just how important it is to tread carefully when building AI systems. It is something that we must explore with the contributions of other sectors, including social sciences and humanities. This collaboration could aid us in crafting AI that is fair and beneficial.

I love watching this live talk, it makes me want to be a lot better at interaction design. I want to be a little more curated in tech and focus on where the human meets the machine. I also agree on checking up on AI and learning more whenever something new pops up. This will assist me in designing responsible and good-for-people-and-the-planet sorts of designs.

How do you consider Gestalt principles and Fetter’s law when designing interactive software

Creating user-friendly software interfaces has always been a hot topic with me. His writing may not still be totally relevant (I mean come on, it was 35 years ago), but as I have continued to learn and progress in the field, applying basic Gestalt and Fitts principles definitely makes for much more user-friendly interfaces. This is how some of these concepts have been affecting the process for my designing.

Gestalt principles are the rules that humans follow to group sets of objects, and which seeks to explain how people naturally organize visual elements into groups or unified wholes when certain principles are met. Designing an Interface & Empathy towards the Layouts When creating an interface design, I value it from users perspective. For instance, I apply the rule of proximity by grouping similar buttons so that users realize they are interrelated. I also make use of similarity in having the same colors or shapes for buttons that serve similar purposes. As a result, users are able to find patterns and navigate through the software better.

This all relates to Fitts’s Law, which refers to the time a user spends from moving there cursor to selecting an area, often something that needs clicking or tapping like a button or link. Larger, closer targets are faster to click. I also try to make more important buttons bigger, and have them easily accessible for the user. For example, I put the “Submit” button at the end of form and over-sized it so that it is more prominent. This eliminates the amount of time and effort it takes an individual to engage with the interface making the experience more pleasant.

I hope to use the principles by Gestalt and Fitts law for that, i order to create organized also yet efficient software. So when a user says an interface is intuitive, it means that they can complete tasks with less wasted energy and fewer mistakes. This increases overall satisfaction and reduces churn so that users continue to utilize the program. As I progress with my design, these principles are becoming part and parcel of what could be a vibrant user interface.

Evolution of the icon and its history

When comparing modern mobile app iconography to ancient writing systems such as Egyptian hieroglyphics or Mayan pictographs, it is evident that both types use images to transmit concepts swiftly. For example, consider the “mail” icon in many mobile apps—a basic envelope indicating communication, similar to how Egyptian glyphs employed animals or symbols to describe activities or concepts. Both systems rely on learned metaphors: comprehending an envelope implies “message” in today’s context, much as understanding a bird glyph may signify “soul” or “flying” in ancient times.

Ancient writings, such as Sumerian cuneiform, also served a utilitarian purpose, conveying abstract concepts like ownership or numbers. Similarly, modern icons have evolved as universally known symbols for digital actions: the “trash bin” icon represents deletion, using the physical metaphor of throwing something away. To interact effectively, modern app users must understand the context behind icons, just as they would learn the meanings of ancient scripts.

Innovation in Human-Computer Interaction

As an Interaction Design student, the experience of visiting the Computer History Museum gave me a deeper understanding of the evolution of technology and its impact on design.

First, seeing the journey from Babbage’s Differential Machine to today’s smart devices made me realize the accelerated pace of technological development, which directly impacts the field of interaction design. Advances in computers have not only driven innovation in human-computer interaction, but also changed user expectations and needs. Each technological leap brings new design challenges and opportunities.

For me, the biggest inspiration is realizing that design is not just about the product of the moment, but must also look to the future. Understanding history can help us anticipate trends and better respond to future technological changes. For example, from the early days of graphical interfaces to today’s artificial intelligence interactions, designers must constantly adapt to technological advances and anticipate how users will interact with new systems.

The experience also made me rethink pervasiveness in design. As technology becomes more pervasive, interaction design must not only serve professional users, but also consider a wide range of generalists. How to create inclusive, easy-to-use designs has become a direction I want to explore in depth in the future.

Overall, the visit reminded me that as designers, we must not only focus on the current user experience, but also understand the history and development of technology in order to design innovative products for the future.

Fei-Fei Li’s AI Journey

I recently had the opportunity to learn about Fei-Fei Li’s new book, The Worlds I See, in which she shares her journey from immigrating from China to the United States to becoming a global AI leader. As an interaction design student, I was deeply moved by her experience, especially her resilience and perseverance in the face of challenges.

Feifei Li immigrated to the U.S. with her parents at the age of 16, and initially faced obstacles such as language barriers and cultural differences. As she recounted these experiences, she made me realize that as an immigrant, there are no “shortcuts” to being a newcomer. Starting from scratch means extra effort and perseverance. Instead of letting these difficulties get her down, she took them as her motivation. Eventually, she not only finished her studies, but also became a professor at Stanford University, leading an AI lab.

As a student, I often encountered various challenges in my studies, and Feifei Li’s story made me realize that no matter what difficulties I encountered, as long as I focused and persevered, I would eventually see results. She not only changed the future of AI with her scientific achievements, but also inspired young people like me to follow their dreams.

Fei-Fei Li’s AI Journey

Shuoning liang 2024/9/23

Fei-Fei Li’s speech demonstrated the profound connection between technological innovation and human needs through her personal growth and her contribution to artificial intelligence (AI). In “The World in My Eyes” and her sharing at the Computer History Museum, Fei-Fei Li talked about how she combined her immigrant experience with technological exploration to promote the development of computer vision and AI. Her work especially focuses on how to make AI more humane, which has important implications for interactive design (IXD).

A key point she emphasized is that AI must serve humans, which made me realize that in IXD practice, design is not just about pursuing functions, but also about bringing more humane interactive experiences. Fei-Fei Li’s development of ImageNet showed how large-scale datasets can provide cognitive capabilities for AI, which inspired me to have a deep understanding of user needs in the design process and prompted me to think about how to better understand user behavior through technology to optimize interactive design.

At the same time, her experience in applying computer vision to various fields such as medical care made me realize that in IXD, designers should not only consider the direct needs of users, but also apply technology to broader social issues to make design more socially influential.

Importance of Gestalt principles and Fitt’s Law

I’d never heard of Gestalt principles before but I’ve used some of the principles before without knowing what they were. For example, the principle of proximity. It makes sense to put things that are related close together, so that things that are different stand out and appear separated. I think many of the principles are intuitive and we may do them without realizing. However, having an active awareness of the principles is very useful. Consciously being aware of my design choices will make me make better choices. Being aware of the Gestalt principles also helps broaden my mind to more design options. I found the principle of closure especially interesting. I think it’s a smart way to add more elements and interest to a design while keeping the look minimalistic. This is something that is very useful when creating logos. The Gestalt principles are extremely important for deciding what design elements to use in different situations. I will use them in the future to create work that is visually pleasing and intuitive to use.

Fitt’s law states that people will be faster to click on bigger targets and that targets should be close. I see how important this is, since it saves people time and makes navigating more smooth and efficient. When designing interactive software in the future, I will make sure to make buttons big enough for the user to click on them easily. There have been times when I’ve been using my phone and the button was really small, so I had to struggle to tap on it perfectly with my finger. It’s very annoying when this happens. I will also make sure to space the buttons and elements out well so that it doesn’t take an annoyingly long time to click or scroll.